Rhian Gutierrez

OSI -  The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) is a reference model from the International Organization for Standardization that "provides a common basis for the coordination of standards development for the purpose of systems interconnection." In the OSI reference model, the communications between systems are split into seven different abstraction layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application   Application Layer The interaction with the user or the user application takes place at this stage.  When identifying communication partners, the application layer determines the identity and availability of communication partners for an application with data to transmit. Presentation Layer  The data is converted into the syntax or semantics which an application understands.  Before passing on the data any further, the data is formatted at this stage.  Functions including compression, encryption, compatible charact...

  Hub A Hub is just a connector that connects the wires coming from different sides. There is no signal processing or regeneration.  Switch Switch is a point-to-point communication device. It uses switching table to find out the correct destination.  Basically, it is a kind of bridge that provides better connections. Router Routers are the multiport devices and more sophisticated as compared to repeaters and bridges. The different between hub, switch and router are  A Hub works on the basis of broadcasting. Switch  works on the basis of MAC address.  A router works on the basis of IP address.   A Hub is a multiport repeater in which a signal introduced at the input of any port appears at the output of all available ports.  A Switch is a tele-communication device which receives a message from any device connected to it and then transmits the message only to the device for which the message is intended.  A router reads the header of incoming pa...